EPAPLUS - TRYPTOPHAN 1.98 MG 60 TABLETS

MEDIUM ANALYSIS

Per tablet:

Protein: 0.0445 g

Carbohydrates: 0.111 g

- sugars: 0 g

Lipids: 0.0051 g

- saturated: 0.0051 g

Food fiber: 0.084 g

CONSERVATION AND EXPIRATION

Store tightly closed in a cool, dry place.

Energy

0.8 Kcal / 3.5 kJ

Ingredients

Per tablet: Magnesium oxide, microcrystalline cellulose (load agent), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (stabilizer), L-Tryptophan, talc (anti-agglomerate), vitamin B3 (nicotinamide), magnesium stearate (anti-agglomerate), melatonin 1.98 mg and vitamin B5 (pyridoxine hydrochloride).

Other

According to the Report of the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Consumption, Food Safety and Nutrition (AECOSAN) on conditions of use of certain substances to be used in food supplements: Melatonin

AECOSAN has proposed a maximum daily amount for melatonin of 1 mg. This proposal is based on the authorization of two health claims, in relation to melatonin contributing to

• alleviate the subjective feeling of jet lag:

It can only be used with foods containing a minimum of 0.5 mg of melatonin per quantified serving. In order for a product to carry this declaration, the consumer will be informed that the beneficial effect is obtained with a minimum intake of 0.5 mg to be taken shortly before bedtime on the first day of travel and a few days after arrival at the destination (EU, 2012).

• Melatonin helps decrease the time needed to fall asleep

can only be used with foods containing 1 mg of melatonin per quantified serving. In order for a product to carry this statement, the consumer will be informed that the beneficial effect is obtained with an intake of 1 mg of melatonin shortly before going to sleep (EU, 2012).

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neurohormone produced by the pineal gland of mamand other organs, especially enterochromafinic cells of the gastrointestinal tract and retina (Hardeland et al., 1993) (Huether, 1993), whose main physiological function is the regulation or control of circadian and seasonal rhythms (Armstrong et al., 1986). It was discovered in the 1950s (Lerner et al., 1958, 1959).

In recent years it has been shown that melatonin also possesses numerous additional functions, is produced and acts on numerous tissues or cells that express melatonin receptors, at much lower levels (Hardeland, 2009). MELATONIN MT1 and MT2 receptors (membrane receptors) have been detected in numerous CNS (Central Nervous System) tissues in peripheral organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, liver, lung, skin, adrenal gland, gonadas, male organs, breast tissue, kidney, heart, blood vessels, adipose tissue, neutrophils, lymphocytes and lymphoid tissue (Ishii et al., 2009). Both receptors involve signaling through AMPc inhibition, protein-kinase A activity, effects on phospholipose A2 and C, and effects on potassium and calcium channels (Mathes, 2010). A third receptor, MT3, has also been described as an enzyme identified as quinone reductase 2.

Deficiencies in melatonin production or expression of receptors or decreases in melatonin levels (such as those occurring with age) cause numerous dysfunctions. In these cases, with insufficient melatonin levels or poor melatonin signaling, numerous pathophysiological alterations may occur, reflecting the pleiotropy of the molecule. Thus, for example, a decrease in nocturnal melatonin levels has been repeatedly observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders who have sleep disturbances (Uchida et al., 1996).

CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS

Keep out of reach of children.
Do not exceed the recommended daily dose.

USE IN PATIENTS WITH FOOD INTOLERANCE

This product may be taken by a person who is celiac, allergic/intolerant to the egg, or intolerant to milk.

VITAMINS AND MINERALS

Vitamin B3: 16 mg

Vitamin B6: 1.4g

Magnesium: 56.25 mg

L-Tryptophan: 50 mg